A force is required to change an object’s speed or direction.

Magnets and electricity produce related forces.

Matter has observable and measurable physical properties.

Different characteristics of plants and animals help some populations survive and reproduce in greater numbers.

The earth system changes constantly as air, water, soil, and rock interact, and the earth is a part of a larger sun, earth, moon system.

All living things are made of parts that have specific functions.

Energy exists in many forms and can be changed from one form to another (transformed) as it moves through a system.

 Different characteristics of plants and animals help some populations survive and reproduce in greater numbers.

 An object’s motion is the result of all forces acting on it.

Matter has observable physical properties and the potential to mix and form new materials.

Populations of organisms evolve by natural selection.

Solid, liquid and gaseous earth materials all circulate in large scale systems at a variety of time scales, giving rise to landscapes, the rock cycle, ocean currents, weather, and climate.

The cell is the basic unit of structure and function for all living things.

Energy is neither created nor destroyed. Energy can be transformed from one form to another, but transformation between forms often results in the loss of useable energy through the production of heat.

Organisms share common characteristics of life.

New cells arise from the division of pre-existing cells.

Hereditary information in genes is inherited and expressed.

Evolution is the result of many random processes selecting for the survival and reproduction of a population.

Life emerges due to the chemical organization of matter into cells.

Cells have organized structures and systems necessary to support chemical reactions needed to maintain the living condition.

Structure is related to function at all biological levels of organization.

Through a variety of mechanisms organisms seek to maintain a biological balance between their internal and external environments.

Eukaryotic cells can differentiate and organize making it possible for multicellularity.

Organisms obtain and use energy to carry out their life processes.

Organisms on Earth interact and depend in a variety of ways on other living and nonliving things in their environments.

DNA segments contain information for the production of proteins necessary for growth and function of cells.

Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes.

Atomic theory is the foundation for the study of chemistry.

Changes in matter are accompanied by changes in energy.

Chemical bonding occurs as a result of attractive forces between particles.

Periodic trends in the properties of atoms allow for the prediction of physical and chemical properties.

Chemical reactions are predictable.

The Earth is composed of a number of dynamic interacting systems which exchange matter and/or energy.

The Earth’s interior has structure.

Earth’s surface features and atmosphere are a dynamic system operating over different time periods.

The hydrosphere contains all of the water on Earth.

The Earth is part of a solar system.

Stars have life cycles.

Forces can act upon an object to change the position, direction, and/or speed of its motion.

Energy can be transferred between objects and/or can be converted into different forms.

Waves carry energy from one location to another without the transfer of matter.

Periodic trends in the properties of atoms allow for the prediction of physical and chemical properties.

Chemical bonding occurs as a result of attractive forces between particles.

Changes in matter are accompanied by changes in energy.

Objects that move in translational motion are described in terms of position, velocity, and acceleration.

All forces arise from the interactions between different objects.

All changes in translational motion are due to forces.

The rotational motion of objects is described in terms of angular position, angular velocity, and angular acceleration.

All changes in rotational motion are due to torques.

Objects that move in simple harmonic motion can be described in terms of position, velocity, and acceleration and can result in the production of waves that travel through space.

All simple harmonic motion can be explained using force and/or torque.

All motion can be explained using the laws of the conservation of energy, the conservation of momentum, and/or the conservation of angular momentum.

Technology is created, used and modified by humans.

Technological literacy is the ability to use, assess and manage technology around us.

Technological design is a creative process that anyone can do which may result in new inventions and innovations.

A technological world requires that humans develop capabilities to solve technological challenges and improve products for the way we live.

Each area of technology has a set of characteristics that separates it from others; however, many areas overlap in order to meet human needs and wants.